No date: If there is no year of publication, use the abbreviation (n.d.) for no date.
Title of post: The Title of post is in italics and is in sentence case, i.e. capitalise the first letter of the first word and the first word after a colon. Capitalise proper nouns.
Note: Tweet is now Post. For the title of the post, use the first 20 words of the content. After the title in square brackets, include [Post]. if the post includes an image, video, poll, etc., include in square brackets after the title, e.g. [Image attached], [Video attached], or [Thumbnail with link attached].
For more information on X references, visit the APA Style Blog.
For more information on reference list format and style, see General information - basics of referencing.
Author [@username]. (Year, Date). Title of post [Description of audiovisuals]. Site Name. https://xxx
Community Research [@GoodResearch]. (2019, December 12). New Zealand's mental health and addiction services Monitoring indicator update 2017 & 2017/18 [Thumbnail with link attached] [Post]. X. https://x.com/GoodResearch/status/1204907430653640706
New Zealand Business [@NZ_Global]. (2017, August 17). Try award-winning @villamaria_wine today @CalgaryCoop. #NZWine [Image attached] [Post]. X. https://x.com/NZ_Global/status/898187721579122689
NZTE [@NZTEnews]. (2017, September 14). Te Kete is our guide to Māori culture & language to help you & your business share NZ's unique cultural [Image with link attached] [Post]. X. https://x.com/NZTEnews/status/908499406412042240
Obama, B. [@BarackObama]. (2017, August 12). "No one is born hating another person because of the color of his skin or his background or his religion..." [Image attached] [Post]. X. https://x.com/BarackObama/status/896523232098078720
Parenthetical citation: When you use another person’s ideas or words in your text, include the author’s name and publication date in brackets, generally at the end of the sentence, e.g. ... services closer to home (Bishop, 2024).
Narrative citation: If you use the author’s name as part of a sentence, include the date of publication in brackets, generally at the beginning of the sentence, e.g. Bishop (2024) argued that time was ...
... showing picturesque New Zealand (Jayne, 2023).
Note: If you use a parenthetical citation the first time, followed by a narrative citation, you need to repeat the date.
The NZ Transport Agency (2023) promotes one of New Zealand's parrots for Bird of the Century.
Note: If you use a narrative citation the first time, followed by another narrative citation, you can omit the date. But, if you use a parenthetical citation the next time, you must include the date.