No date: If there is no year of publication, use the abbreviation (n.d.) for no date.
Thesis title: The thesis title is in italics and is in sentence case, i.e. capitalise the first letter of the first word and the first word after a colon. Capitalise proper nouns.
For more information on reference list format and style, see General information - basics of referencing.
Author. (Year of publication). Title of thesis [Unpublished thesis type]. Name of Institution.
Fisher, D. (2000). Homework: Attitudes, time, gender, and achievement in English and science amongst year 11 students [Unpublished master's thesis]. Auckland College of Education.
Ingram, P. T. (1990). Indigenous entrepreneurship and tourism development in the Cook Islands and Fiji [Unpublished PhD thesis]. Massey University.
Author. (Year of publication). Title of thesis (Publication No. xxxx) [Thesis type, Name of Institution]. Name of Database.
Doggett, C. M. (2004). The adequacy of practice based assessment in pre-registration nursing education: Assessors' perspectives (Publication No. U206193) [Ph.D. thesis, University of Leeds]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.
Lin, M.-R. (1998). Risk factors for motorcycle crashes in an urban and a rural area. A cohort study (Publication No. 9832929) [Doctoral dissertation, The John Hopkins University]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.
Author. (Year of publication). Title of thesis [Thesis type, Name of Institution]. Archive Name. https://xxx
Evans, A. (2013). The effects of teaching analogy-based reading and spelling strategies to children in years three and four [Master's thesis, Massey University]. Massey Research Online. https://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/5126
Gedye, F. I. R. (2013). Development of pathways to a life of flourishing: An evaluation of a positive psychology intervention [Master's thesis, The University of Auckland]. The University of Auckland Research Repositories, ResearchSpace. https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/handle/2292/22048
Parenthetical citation: When you use another person’s ideas or words in your text, include the author’s name and publication date in brackets, generally at the end of the sentence, e.g. ... services closer to home (Bishop, 2024).
Narrative citation: If you use the author’s name as part of a sentence, include the date of publication in brackets, generally at the beginning of the sentence, e.g. Bishop (2024) argued that time was ...
... what are effective ways of teaching spelling strategies for three and four-year-olds (Evans, 2013).
... high death rate from motorbike crashes in southeast Asia (Lin, 1998). According to Lin (1998), head injuries are the major cause of mortality in motorcyclists ...
Note: If you use a parenthetical citation the first time, followed by a narrative citation, you need to repeat the date.
From international statistics, Lin (1998) found that Taiwan has a high percentage ... Lin discussed the difference with the United States figures around the percentage per population compared to ...
Note: If you use a narrative citation the first time, followed by another narrative citation, you can omit the date. But, if you use a parenthetical citation the next time, you must include the date.