No date: If there is no year of publication, use the abbreviation (n.d.) for no date.
For more information on reference list format and style, see General information - basics of referencing.
If you are including a table (e.g. a table with numerical/textual information) that you have produced yourself, you do not need to reference this work.
For referencing tables in your reference list or bibliography, reference according to where you sourced the information from, e.g. from a journal article, see the journal article section, or from a book see the book section.
Parenthetical citation: When you use another person’s ideas or words in your text, include the author’s name and publication date in brackets, generally at the end of the sentence, e.g. ... services closer to home (Bishop, 2024).
Narrative citation: If you use the author’s name as part of a sentence, include the date of publication in brackets, generally at the beginning of the sentence, e.g. Bishop (2024) argued that time was ...
Whole works: When you are reproducing a whole work, you must include details of the copyright owner.
You must also seek permission from the copyright owner if your writing will be made publicly available (e.g. a digital copy is uploaded to the University's research repository, ResearchSpace, or it is published in a journal). When permission is granted, add ‘Reprinted with permission’.
Note: Works in the public domain may be reproduced without permission. Works with a Creative Commons licence should be used according to the terms of its licence. In both of these cases, the creators of the work are still acknowledged, and the source is referenced. For more on the use of copyright materials, see about copyright and copyright for staff and students .
The University's copyright licence allows you to use images retrieved from a Library database, without seeking permission from the copyright holder, as long as your essay is not made publicly available. In this case, you may omit the information on the copyright holder and permission. However, you must still give credit to the creator of the work and reference your source.
Note: Works in the public domain may be reproduced without permission. Works with a Creative Commons licence should be used according to the terms of its licence. In both of these cases, the creators of the work are still acknowledged, and the source is referenced. For more on the use of copyright materials, see about copyright and copyright for staff and students .
Place the table near your in-text citation.
Table number: The table number (Arabic) appears above the table in bold font (e.g. Table 1 ). Number tables separately from figures in the order that they are mentioned in your text.
Table title: The Table Title appears (in italics and in Title Case) one double-spaced line below the table number.
Table caption: The caption below the table begins with the word ‘ Note .’ in italics. If you created the table from data that was sourced elsewhere, use ‘Adapted from’.