If the conference/symposium/meeting paper is formally published in a book format, reference this as an edited book or a chapter in an edited book.
If the conference/symposium/meeting paper is published regularly, use the format for a journal article.
No date: If there is no year of publication, use the abbreviation (n.d.) for no date.
Conference paper/poster title: The conference paper/poster title is in italics and is in sentence case, i.e. capitalise the first letter of the first word and the first word after a colon. Capitalise for proper nouns.
For more information on reference list format and style, see General information - basics of referencing.
Author. (Year of presentation, Month Day/s). Title of presentation [Paper presentation]. Name of conference or occasion, Location. https://xxx
Author. (Year of presentation, Month Day/s). Title of presentation [Paper presentation]. Name of conference or occasion, Location.
Alanya-Beltran, W., & Bayarmagnai, G. (2024, July 3-5). Fiscal multipliers in New Zealand: TV-SVAR models [Paper presentation]. 64th Annual Conference of the New Zealand Association of Economists, Wellington, New Zealand. https://62397185-821a-4cdf-b4f7-8cc2999495c6.usrfiles.com/ugd/623971_ac3812bf380f419aa9b4495ccc132354.pdf
Chang-Richards, Y., Wilkinson, S., Seville, E., & Brunsdon, D. (2015, July 15-17). A systems approach to managing human resources in disaster recovery projects [Paper presentation]. 5th Annual International Conference on Building Resilience, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
Author. (Year of presentation, Month Day/s). Title of presentation [Poster presentation]. Name of conference or occasion, Location. https://xxx
Author. (Year of presentation, Month Day/s). Title of presentation [Poster presentation]. Name of conference or occasion, Location.
Magnusson, J., & Zaar, J. (2017, April 10-12). Improving information literacy instruction through reflection! [Poster presentation] Librarians' Information Literacy Annual Conference (LILAC), Swansea, Wales. https://www.lilacconference.com/lilac-archive/lilac-2017-1#papersandposters
Penprase, B., & Poly-Droulard, L. (2014, May 14-15). Pedagogical strategies to empower students to learn [Poster presentation]. Windsor-Oakland Eighth Annual Conference on Teaching & Learning: Empowering Students to Learn, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, United States.
Wilcock, J. (2013, November 24-26). A co-citation network for biometrics [Poster presentation]. New Zealand Statistical Association Conference, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Parenthetical citation: When you use another person’s ideas or words in your text, include the author’s name and publication date in brackets, generally at the end of the sentence, e.g. ... services closer to home (Bishop, 2024).
Narrative citation: If you use the author’s name as part of a sentence, include the date of publication in brackets, generally at the beginning of the sentence, e.g. Bishop (2024) argued that time was ...
The report indicated that there would be a marked increase in the number of over 65 year olds remaining in the workforce (Ministry of Social Development, 2011).
… analysis of highly co-cited papers (Wilcock, 2013). Wilcock’s (2013) graph illustrates …
Note: If you use a parenthetical citation the first time, followed by a narrative citation, you need to repeat the date.
Wilcock (2013) presents a graph of co-citation papers published in the biometrics field. Wilcock analyses the data ...
Note: If you use a narrative citation the first time, followed by another narrative citation, you can omit the date. But, if you use a parenthetical citation the next time, you must include the date.
Use ‘&’ between the authors' surnames when they are enclosed within brackets. Use ‘and’ when they form part of the sentence.
... how teaching and reflection impacts on information literacy (Magnusson & Zaar, 2017). Magnusson and Zaar (2017) indicate this is a natural part of the teaching process.
Note: If you use a parenthetical citation the first time, followed by a narrative citation, you need to repeat the date.
Magnusson and Zaar’s (2017) colourful poster demonstrates the use of reflection with information literacy. Magnusson and Zaar show how this improves …
Note: If you use a narrative citation the first time, followed by another narrative citation, you can omit the date. But, if you use a parenthetical citation the next time, you must include the date.
Cite only the surname of the first author followed by ‘et al.’
... in the academic environment (Doci et al., 2014). Quality teaching and culture, according to Doci et al. (2014), was responsible ...
Note: If you use a parenthetical citation the first time, followed by a narrative citation, you need to repeat the date.
In the poster presentation, Doci et al. (2014) showed that there is increasing pressure ... Teaching quality has an impact on improving student learning. Surveys were piloted by Doci et al., followed by focus groups ...
Note: If you use a narrative citation the first time, followed by another narrative citation, you can omit the date. But, if you use a parenthetical citation the next time, you must include the date.