Put a footnote number in superscript font size ten within the text (in-text citation) to show when you use another person's ideas or words. This number directs the reader to a footnote at the bottom of the page containing information about the work you are citing.
... as shown by the history of rugby in New Zealand. 1
The first time a source is cited in your footnotes, refer to it in full in a similar format to your reference list entry.
1. Greg Ryan, History of Rugby and its Origins in New Zealand (Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2024), 42.
If you refer to the same reference again, immediately preceding it, use the footnote number, the author/s, and the page number/s.
2. Ryan, 56.
When referring to the same reference later in your document, use the footnote number, the author/s and the page number/s.
15. Ryan, 80.
If there are other authors' references in between, then add the title back in. If the title is longer than four words, shorten it.
Ryan, History of Rugby, 85.
Recognising capitalism as detrimental to health prompts tangible efforts to create socialist initiatives grounded in resource redistribution, sharing, and collective ownership. 1 Additionally, resources for promoting decolonised health and wellbeing visions challenge the individualistic and privatising logic of colonial capitalism. 2
…
Indigenous people in Aotearoa, New Zealand, have historically and continue to experience structural marginalisation.
7,8
The dominance and privilege of Pakeha are intrinsically connected to the marginalisation and disadvantage faced by Maori.
9
1. Christine Elers et al., “Disrupting, Intervening, and Re-imagining Health, Development, and Social Change,” in Managing the Post-Colony: Voices from Aotearoa, Australia and the Pacific, eds. Gavin Jack et al. (Singapore: Springer, 2024), 193.
2. Christine Elers et al., 194.
…
7. Christine Elers et al., 196.
8. Phoebe Elers et al., "Explorations of Health in Aotearoa New Zealand’s Low-income Suburbia," Health Communication, 36, no.12, (October 2021): 1460.
9. Avril Bell. Becoming Tangata Tiriti: Working with Maori, Honouring the Treaty. (Auckland: Auckland University Press, 2024), 106.
A complete bibliography should be included at the end of your assignment. This should include all works that have been cited.
Order: The bibliography should be in alphabetical order by the first author's surname (last name).
Spacing: The first line of each reference should be aligned with the left margin. Second and subsequent lines should be indented three spaces (0.3cm).
Bibliography
Bell, Avril. Becoming Tangata Tiriti: Working with Maori, Honouring the Treaty. Auckland: Auckland University Press, 2024.
Dutta, Mohan J., and Jagadish Thaker, “Sustainability, Ecology, and Agriculture in Women Farmers’ Voices: Culture-Centering Gender and Development.” Communication Theory 30, no. 2 (2020): 126–148.
Elers, Christine, Mohan Dutta, Pooja Jayan, Mahbubur Rahman, and Phoebe Elers. “Disrupting, Intervening, and Re-imagining Health, Development, and Social Change: A Culture-Centered Approach.” In Managing the Post-Colony: Voices from Aotearoa, Australia and the Pacific, edited by Gavin Jack, Michelle Evans, Billie Lythberg, and Jason Mika, 189-207. Singapore: Springer, 2024. Proquest Ebook Central.
Elers, Phoebe, T. Te Tau, M. J. Dutta, S. Elers, and P. Jayan. “Explorations of Health in Aotearoa New Zealand’s Low-income Suburbia.” Health Communication 36, no. 12 (2021): 1453–1463. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2020.1767447.
When using information or ideas in your essay, research paper, dissertation or thesis, you must acknowledge and identify the original source. This is known as referencing. Whether you paraphrase, summarise or quote someone else's ideas, you must add a reference.
Referencing enables you to: