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IEEE

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) is a numbered referencing style requiring an in-text citation within the text of your document and a related entry in a reference list at the end of your document.

Entry in a dictionary/encyclopaedia - reference list

No author: For a dictionary/encyclopaedia entry when there is no author, place the title of the entry in the author position. Include the page number/s for the entry.

Format (electronic) 

[1] Author(s) of reference entry, "Title of reference entry," in Title of Book, Edition ed., Editor(s), Ed(s)., City of publication, U.S. State Code only, Country: Abbrev. Publisher, Year of publication, ch. chapter number, sec. section number, pp. page range. Accessed: Abbrev. Month. Date, Year. [Online]. Available: URL

Format (print)

[2] Author(s) of reference entry, "Title of reference entry," in Title of Book, Edition ed., Editor(s), Ed(s)., City of publication, U.S. State Code only, Country: Abbrev. Publisher, Year of publication, ch. chapter number, sec. section number, pp. page range.

Examples

[1] "Adaptive digital pulse code modulation," in A Dictionary of the Internet, D. Ince, Ed., 4th ed. New York, NY, USA: Oxford University Press, 2009. Accessed: Oct. 23, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.oxfordreference.com/

[2] O. Singh, "Computer graphics," in McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 10th ed. New York, NY, USA: McGraw Hill, 2007, pp. 279-291.

Entry in a dictionary/encyclopaedia/Wikipedia - in-text citations

When using another person's ideas or words, include an Arabic numeral in square brackets (consecutively numbered). 

Examples

... has been recently identified [1].

The same number is used if the reference is referred to again. If referring to a different page/part from that reference, include the relevant information with the reference number.

Sensible heat is when heat is transferred to a material by raising or lowering the temperature [1, Ch. 5].

OR

Sensible heat is the transfer of heat to a material by raising or lowering the temperature [1, pp. 340-345].

If you are expressing ideas that have originated from more than one source, separate the numbers with commas if referring to a range of numbers (references). 

... in alkyl sulphates such as sodium lauryl sulphate [3], [5], [6] and diethyl sulphate [7]. Other compounds showing promise were those in the C12 - C14 range [8], [9], [10].

Only use the author's name where it is integral to the understanding of the sentence; otherwise, just refer to the reference number.

Cook [11] reduced the calculated time ...

.. as demonstrated by Cook [2].

If citing a reference in the text with three or more authors, list the first author followed by et al.

Woods et al. [12] demonstrated the need for speed restrictions ...

For direct quotes, use quotation marks and include the page number(s). 

The experts stated that "kinetic energy is the energy possessed by a moving system because of its velocity" [1, p. 139].