No date: If there is no year of publication, use the abbreviation (n.d.) for no date.
Patent title: The Patent title is in italics and sentence case, i.e. capitalise the first letter of the first word and the first word after a colon. Use capitalisation for proper nouns.
For more information on reference list format and style, see General information - basics of referencing.
Inventor. Date of Issue. Title of patent, Patent No. including country of issue.
Hart, R. 2011. Feijoa variety named 'Kaiteri', US Patent No. 20090158474P1
Simcro Limited. 2002. Improved animal doser, NZ Patent No. 503403.
Inventor One, Two, Three, Four, Five & Six. Date of Issue. Title of patent, Number of Patent including country of issue.
Schiller, J., Frick, R. & Windmill, M. 2015. Water bike, Australian Patent No. 201953895.
List the first six authors' names, then add et al.
Inventor One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, et al. Date of Issue. Title of patent, Number of Patent including country of issue
McGuire, K. S., Steinhardt, M. J., Bischoff, C. M., Sawicki, E. M., Hasenoehrl, E. J., Beck, B. J., et al. 2013. Stemmed lighting assembly with disk-shaped illumination element, Canadian Patent No. CA2834348.
Parenthetical citation: When you use another person’s ideas or words in your text, include the author’s name, publication date and page number/s in brackets, generally at the end of the sentence, e.g. ... services closer to home (Bishop, 2024: 23).
Narrative citation: If you use the author’s name as part of a sentence, include the date of publication and page number/s in brackets, generally at the beginning of the sentence, e.g. Bishop (2024: 43) argued that time was ...
The fleshy characteristics of the new variety of feijoa are depicted in the photographs accompanying the patent application (Hart 2009: sheet 3).
The photographs by Hart (2009: sheet 3) depict the fleshy characteristics of the new variety of feijoa.