Vancouver

Vancouver is a numbered referencing style.

Manual

Information for this guide is from:

• Citing medicine: the NLM style guide for authors, editors, and publishers (2015)
• International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) recommendations for the conduct, reporting, editing and publication of scholarly work in medical journals: sample references (2016)
• Recommendations for the conduct, reporting, editing, and publication of scholarly work in medical journals (2024)

For further information, please consult these sources directly.

Vancouver style requirements

In-text citations

In Vancouver, you reference by providing a citation within the text of the document (in-text citation), which is consecutively numbered.

Reference list

Then add the related entry to the reference list at the end of your document. The reference list entry (author, title, source and date) provides the full details of the reference.

Example

In-text citations

Reference list