Footnote number: Put a footnote number in superscript font size ten within the text (in-text citation) to show when you are using another person's ideas or words. This number directs the reader to a footnote at the bottom of the page, containing information about the work you are citing.
Footnote citation: The first time a book is cited in your footnotes, refer to it in full in the same format as your bibliography entry.
Pinpoint reference: After the starting page of the chapter, an optional pinpoint reference to a page or a paragraph number can follow this. Paragraph numbers are enclosed within square brackets. When referring to a numbered chapter of a book, “chapter” is abbreviated to “ch”.
Subsequent references: Any subsequent references to this item may be formatted according to the cross-referencing rules in the NZLSG at Rule 2.3.
See NZLSG Rule 2.2 for more footnote formatting information.
Whether the “public opinion” element still remains as part of the honest opinion defence is a matter of debate.1
Author Book Title (Edition, Publisher, Place of Publication, Year of Publication) at Optional Pinpoint Citation.
1 David McGee Parliamentary Practice in New Zealand (3rd ed, Dunmore Publishing, Wellington, 2005) at 30.
2 Peter Spiller The Disputes Tribunals of New Zealand (2nd ed, Brookers, Wellington, 2003) at ch 1.
Order: Books should be listed alphabetically by author's surname (last name) in the format First name Surname. Books should NOT be categorised by jurisdiction.
Books are cited in accordance with NZLSG Rule 6.1.
For more information on bibliography format and style, see General information - basics of referencing.
Author Name Book Title (Edition, Publisher, Place of Publication, Year of Publication).
David McGee Parliamentary Practice in New Zealand (3rd ed, Dunmore Publishing, Wellington, 2005).
Follow NZLSG Rule 6.1.2(e) for citing journal articles with multiple joint authors.
Author One and Author Two Book Title (Edition, Publisher, Place of Publication, Year of Publication).
AP Simester and WJ Brookbanks Principles of Criminal Law (5th ed, Thomson Reuters NZ, Wellington, 2019).
Follow NZLSG Rule 6.1.2(e) for citing journal articles with multiple joint authors.
Author One, Author Two and Author Three Book Title (Edition, Publisher, Place of Publication, Year of Publication).
Anthony Taubman, Hannu Wager and Jayashree Watal A Handbook on the WTO TRIPS Agreement (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2012).
Follow NZLSG Rule 6.1.2(e) for citing journal articles with multiple joint authors.
Author One and others Book Title (Edition, Publisher, Place of Publication, Year of Publication).
Alan L Tyree and others Tyree's Banking Law in New Zealand (3rd ed, LexisNexis NZ, Wellington, 2014).
If the author is unknown, place the title in the author's position.
Book Title (Edition, Publisher, Place of Publication, Year of Publication).
Prenuptial Agreements in Modern Relationships (Brownstone Press, Wellington, 2014).
Follow NZLSG Rule 6.1.2(g) for citing books with editors.
Place the editor's name where the author would normally appear, followed by (ed) or (eds).
Editor's Name (ed) Book Title (Edition, Publisher, Place of Publication, Year of Publication).
Stephen Todd (ed) The Law of Torts in New Zealand (9th ed, Thomson Reuters NZ, Wellington, 2023).
Michael Littlewood and Janet McLean (eds) The New Zealand Supreme Court: The Second Ten Years (LexisNexis NZ, Wellington, 2024).
If the e-book is also available in hardcopy format, reference it as if it was a hardcopy book. (Refer to NZLSG Rule 6.1)
If the e-book is only available in electronic format, follow NZLSG Rule 6.1.9 as closely as possible and include eBook ed after the edition number and before the publisher's name. Omit the place of publication.
Author Name Book Title (Edition, eBook ed, Publisher, Year of Publication).
Harsha Bhatia Team Formation, Development and High Performance (eBook ed, SmashWords, 2019).