See NZLSG Appendix 7 for more formatting information.
Footnote number: Put a footnote number in superscript font size ten within the text (in-text citation) to show when you use another person's ideas or words. This number directs the reader to a footnote at the bottom of the page containing information about the work you are citing.
See NZLSG Rule 2.2 for more footnote formatting information.
Footnote citation: The first time a source is cited in your footnotes, refer to it in full in the same format as your bibliography entry. At the end of the citation, you can add a pinpoint reference.
Subsequent references: Any subsequent references to this item may be formatted according to the cross-referencing rules in the NZLSG at Rule 2.3.
In a defamation action there are four recognised defences – honest opinion, truth, privilege and consent. 1 The defence of honest opinion originally had the name “fair comment on a matter of public interest” but was changed by the Defamation Act 1992. 2
…
The defence of truth has also been renamed, as it was originally known as justification. 7 In a defamation case the plaintiff does not have to provide evidence which proves that the defendant’s remarks are false, the burden of proof lies with the defendant. 8
1 Ursula Cheer and John Burrows "Defamation” in Stephen Todd (ed) The Law of Torts in New Zealand (6th ed, Brookers, Wellington, 2013) 809 at [16.7].
2 At [16.8.01].
…
7 Cheer and Burrows, above n 1, at [16.9].
8 Bill Atkin and Geoff McLay Torts in New Zealand: Cases and Materials (5th ed, Oxford University Press, South Melbourne, 2012) at 640.
For assignments which require a bibliography, this should be added at the end of your assignment in the format detailed in Appendix 7 of the NZLSG. Your bibliography should cite all relevant sources used in your research, grouped by type.
A Cases
1 New Zealand
Attorney-General v Taylor [2018] NZSC 104, [2019] 1 NZLR 213.
2 United Kingdom
Re F (Mental Patient Sterilisation) [1990] 2 AC 1 (HL).
B Legislation
1 New Zealand
Crimes Act 1961.
New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990.
2 United Kingdom
Human Rights Act 1998.
Serious Crime Act 2007.
C Books and Chapters in Books
David McGee Parliamentary Practice in New Zealand (3rd ed, Dunmore Publishing, Wellington, 2005).
Alan L Tyree and others Tyree's Banking Law in New Zealand (3rd ed, LexisNexis NZ, Wellington, 2014).
D Journal Articles
Matt Sumpter "Securities law enforcement" [2008] NZLJ 53.
Petra Butler "Human Rights and Parliamentary Sovereignty in New Zealand" (2004) 35 VUWLR 341.
When using information or ideas in your essay, research paper, dissertation or thesis, you must acknowledge and identify the original source. This is known as referencing. Whether you paraphrase, summarise or quote someone else's ideas, you must add a reference.
Referencing enables you to: