Conference papers and presentations can be cited in different ways depending on where they are published, e.g. in books, journals or websites.
If the conference/symposium/meeting paper is formally published in a book format, reference this as an edited book or a chapter in an edited book.
If the conference/symposium/meeting paper is published in a journal format, use the format for a journal article.
When following the reference examples below, be aware that some elements in the recommended formats may be missing.
Refer to Section 4.3.5.7 of the ACS Guide to Scholarly Communication for further guidance on citing conferences.
For more information on reference list format and style, see General information - basics of referencing.
1. Author(s). Presentation / Paper Title. Title of the Collected Work, Proceedings of the Name of the Meeting, Meeting Location, Meeting Date; Editor(s), Eds. (if listed); Publisher, Year; pp pages, Abstract/Paper Number. DOI or URL (if available)
1. Akoglu, A.; Vargas-Solar, G. Putting Data Science Pipelines on the Edge. ICWE 2021 Workshops, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Web Engineering, Biarritz, France, May 18-21, 2021; Bakaev, M., Ko, I.-Y., Mrissa, M., Pautasso, C., Srivastava, A., Eds.; Springer, 2022; Vol. 1508. pp 3-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92231-3_1
1. Author(s). Paper/Presentation Title. Journal Title Year, Volume (Issue), pages or article number (note about meeting or conference, if needed). DOI or URL (if available)
1. Kumar, S.; Gupta, P.; Rajauriya, M. PTFE and K-12 Polymer and Ceramic Composite for RF Propagation. Macromolecular Symposia 2025, 414 (2), 70001 (Special Issue. 6th International Conference on Recent Trends in Materials and Devices ICRTMD-2023, Uttar Pradesh, India, December 19-20, 2023). https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.70001
1. Author(s). Presentation Title. Presented at Conference Name, Location, Date(s). Website/Repository/Platform Name (if applicable), Date (if different from event date). DOI or URL (if provided)
1. Brothers, P. J.; Liu, B.; Novikova, N. I.; Ware, D. C.; Stocker, B. L.; Timmer, M. S. M.; Simpson, M. C. New Chemistry of O-BODIPY: Boron-Oxygen-Saccharide Conjugates. Presented at 9th International Conference on Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines (ICPP-9), Nanjing, China, July 3-8, 2016.
1. Author(s). Poster Title. Poster presented at Conference Name, Location, Date(s). Website/Repository/Platform Name (if applicable), Date (if different from event date). DOI or URL (if available)
1. Jayaswal, B.; Ghosh, S.K. A Knowledge Discovery Framework for Maritime Intelligence on Dark Vessels. Poster presented at 17th International Conference on Communication Systems and Networks (COMSNETS), Bengaluru, India, January 6-10, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/COMSNETS63942.2025.10885742
Put a superscript number in your text to show when you are using another person's ideas or words. This number directs the reader to the reference list, containing information about the work you are citing.
... has been recently identified.1
If you are making a direct quotation, use quotation marks.
Dalas and Koutsoukos observed that "the presence of the magnetic field did not result in preferential growth of a certain crystal face."2
If the same source is referred to more than once within your text, repeat the number. If you are expressing ideas that have originated from more than one source, separate the numbers with commas, or use a hyphen if referring to several endnotes. A number following the full stop/period applies to the whole sentence.
... in alkyl sulphates such as sodium lauryl sulphate3,5-7 and diethyl sulphate6. Chew and Maibach3 also noted that the compounds showing promise were those in the C12 - C14 range.